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The results of a study examining skin test crossreactivity between formaldehyde and formaldehyde releasing agents in a standard allergen series were summarized. The study group consisted of 11,516 eczema patients, 71.5% of whom were females, who were patch tested with the Austrian standard allergen series at 14 centers between January 1992 and December 1993. The test series included 1% aqueous formaldehyde and the formaldehyde releasers bronopol tested at 0.5% in petrolatum, Germall-115 tested at 2% in petrolatum, and quaternium-15 tested at 1% in petrolatum. The test results were read according to the International Contact Dermatitis Research Group recommendations. Forty three subjects reacted to bronopol, 105 to formaldehyde, 36 to Germall-115, and 70 reacted to quaternium-15. Reactivity to quaternium-15 and Germal-115 was significantly positively associated with reactivity to formaldehyde, odds ratios (ORs) 49 and 14, respectively. Bronopol reactivity was not significantly associated with formaldehyde, OR 2.6. No evidence of an association was seen between reactivity to bronopol, Gemall-115, and quaternium-15. The problem of multiple sensitization to formaldehyde and formaldehyde releasing agents during skin testing was discussed.
Contact Dermatitis, 35(3):192-193, 1996. (17 references)
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